KEPEMIMPINAN ALTRUISTIK DAN KEBAHAGIAAN DI TEMPAT KERJA : PERAN KEPERCAYAAN PADA PEMIMPIN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
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Published:
Feb 4, 2023
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Kepemimpinan Altruistik Kepercayaan pada Pimpinan Kebahagiaan di Tempat Kerja
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Abstract
Minimnya penelitian di Indonesia tentang kepemimpinan altruistik dan peran kepercayaan pada pemimpin sebagai variabel mediasi yang mengkaji Aparatur Sipil Negara membuat penelitian ini menarik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan altruistik terhadap kebahagiaan di tempat kerja dengan kepercayaan pada pemimpin sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian kausalitas dengan populasi adalah Aparatur Sipil Negara Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir dengan sampel sebanyak 155 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan distribusi menggunakan Google Forms. Alat analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) yang diolah menggunakan SmartPLS 3.2.9 untuk pengolahan datanya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kepemimpinan altruistik berpengaruh terhadap kebahagiaan di tempat kerja. Kepemimpinan altruistik berpengaruh terhadap kepercayaan terhadap pemimpin. Kepercayaan pada pemimpin berpengaruh pada kebahagiaan
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References
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Andhika, L. R. (2017). Systematic Review: Budaya Inovasi Aspek Yang Terlupakan Dalam Inovasi Kepegawaian. Civil Service BKN, 11(1), 49–61.
Avolio, B. J., & Locke, E. E. (2002). Contrasting different philosophies of leader motivation. Altruism versus egoism. Leadership Quarterly, 13(2), 169–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00094-2
Barbuto, J. E., & Wheeler, D. W. (2006). Scale development and construct clarification of servant leadership. Group and Organization Management, 31(3), 300–326. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601106287091
Bismil One Chanko, & Adi Rahmat. (2022). Altruistic Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Role of Leader-Member Exchange. Sains Organisasi, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55356/so.v1i1.6
Breevaart, K., Bakker, A., Hetland, J., Demerouti, E., Olsen, O. K., & Espevik, R. (2014). Daily transactional and transformational leadership and daily employee engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(1), 138–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12041
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
Cooper, D. R. and P. S. S. (2003). (2003). Business Research Methods, International Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An Interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
Demmy, T. L., Kivlahan, C., Stone, T. T., Teague, L., & Sapienza, P. (2002). Physicians’ perceptions of institutional and leadership factors influencing their job satisfaction at one academic medical center. Academic Medicine, 77(12 I), 1235–1240. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200212000-00020
Dingot Hamonangan Sitanggang. (2020). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap kepercayaan karyawan PT.XYZ. 9(1), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v9i2.383
Ferdinand. (2014). Metode Penelitian Manajemen. BP Universitas Diponegoro.
Fisher, C. D. (2010). Happiness at Work. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(4), 384–412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00270.x
Ghozali, imam. (2008). Structural Equation Modelling, Edisi II. Universitas Diponegoro.
Ghozali, I. (2014). Structural Equation Modeling, Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) (4th ed.). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Gracia et all. (2019). Happiness at work. Papeles Del Psicologo, 37(2), 143–151. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429294426-15
Guest, D. E. (2017). Human resource management and employee well-being: towards a new analytic framework. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(1), 22–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12139
Hakanen, J. J., Schaufeli, W. B., & Ahola, K. (2008). The job demands-resources model: A three-year cross-lagged study of burnout, depression, commitment, and work engagement. Work and Stress, 22(3), 224–241.https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370802379432
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Hariawan, A. (2021). Analisis Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Praktek Manajemen Sdm Terhadap Kepercayaan Pada Organisasi Dan Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Universitas Amikom Purwokerto. Probisnis (e-Journal), 14(2), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.35671/probisnis.v14i2.1258
Hassan, A., & Ahmed, F. (2011). Authentic leadership, trust and work engagement. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 80(March 2012), 750–756.
Hendriks, M., Burger, M., Rijsenbilt, A., Pleeging, E., & Commandeur, H. (2020). Virtuous leadership: a source of employee well-being and trust. Management Research Review, 43(8), 951–970. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-07-2019-0326
Januwarsono, S. (2015). Analytical of Factors Determinants of Happiness at Work Case Study on PT. PLN (Persero) Region Suluttenggo, Sulawesi, Indonesia. European Journal of Business and Management , 7(8), 9–17.
Joseph, E. E., & Winston, B. E. (2005). A correlation of servant leadership, leader trust, and organizational trust. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(1), 6–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730510575552
Judge, R. dan. (2011). Perilaku Organisasi.
Juniartha, I., Wardana, I., & Putra, M. (2017). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Melalui Mediasi Kepercayaan Kepada Atasan Dan Kepuasan Kerja (Studi Pada Pegawai Tetap Balai Diklat Industri Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia). Buletin Studi Ekonomi, 21(2), 181–196.
Kanungo, R. N. dan M. M. (1996). Ethical Dimensions of Leadership (Thousand O). Sage Publications.
Kashyap, V., & Rangnekar, S. (2016). Servant leadership, employer brand perception, trust in leaders and turnover intentions: a sequential mediation model. Review of Managerial Science, 10(3), 437–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-014-0152-6
Mallén, F., Chiva, R., Alegre, J., & Guinot, J. (2015). Are altruistic leaders worthy? The role of organizational learning capability. International Journal of Manpower, 36(3), 271–295. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-09-2013-0212
McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect- and Cognition-Based Trust as Foundations for Interpersonal Cooperation in Organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 24–59. https://doi.org/10.5465/256727
Mighfar, S. (2015). Social exchange theory : Telaah Konsep George C. Homans Tentang Teori Pertukaran Sosial. LISAN AL-HAL: Jurnal Pengembangan Pemikiran Dan Kebudayaan, 9(2), 259–282. https://doi.org/10.35316/lisanalhal.v9i2.98
N Purnama. (2006). Manajemen Kualitas Perspektif Global. Ekonisia.
Perdana, I., & Surya, I. (2017). Pengaruh Servant Leadership Dan Trust in Leadership Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 6(6), 254823.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539–569. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452
Poon, J. M. l. (2006). Trust-in-supervisor and helping coworkers: Moderating effect of perceived politics. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(6), 518–532. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610684373
Qiu, S., Alizadeh, A., Dooley, L. M., & Zhang, R. (2019). The effects of authentic leadership on trust in leaders, organizational citizenship behavior, and service quality in the Chinese hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 40(June), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.06.004
Salas-Vallina, A., & Alegre, J. (2018). Unselfish leaders? Understanding the role of altruistic leadership and organizational learning on happiness at work (HAW). Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 39(5), 633–649. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-11-2017-0345
Salas-Vallina, A., Ferrer-Franco, A., & Fernández Guerrero, R. (2018). Altruistic leadership and affiliative humor’s role on service innovation: Lessons from Spanish public hospitals. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 33(3), e861–e872. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2549
Sekaran, uma. (2011). esearch Methods For Business (Metode Penelitian Untuk Bisnis).
Sosik, J. J., Jung, D., & Dinger, S. L. (2009). Values in authentic action: Examining the roots and rewards of altruistic leadership. Group and Organization Management, 34(4), 395–431. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601108329212
Sugiyono. (2014). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Vallina, A. S., Alegre, J. V., & Fernandez, R. (2017). On the road to happiness at work (HAW): transformational leadership, organizational learning capability and happiness at work. Personnel Review, 46(2), 314–338.
Yap, & Ng, X. H. (2018). (2018). How does altruistic leader behavior foster radical innovation? The mediating effect of organizational learning capability Downloaded. The Eletronic Library, 34(1), 1–5.
Yulk, G. (2013). Leadership in Organizations (8th editio). Global ed.
Zahra, N. (2015). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap komitmen organisasi melalui aspek kepuasan kerja karyawan dan kepercayaan pada sektor perbankan. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Pemasaran Jasa, 8(1), 145–162.
Agustien dan Soeling. (2020). Pengaruh organizational commitment, happiness at work, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di BKKBN. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik, 8(2).
Aidina, N. R., & Prihatsanti, U. (2017). Hubungan Antara Kepercayaan Terhadap Pemimpin Dengan Keterikatan Kerja Pada Karyawan PT Telkom Witel Semarang. Jurnal Empati, 6(4), 137–142.
Andhika, L. R. (2017). Systematic Review: Budaya Inovasi Aspek Yang Terlupakan Dalam Inovasi Kepegawaian. Civil Service BKN, 11(1), 49–61.
Avolio, B. J., & Locke, E. E. (2002). Contrasting different philosophies of leader motivation. Altruism versus egoism. Leadership Quarterly, 13(2), 169–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00094-2
Barbuto, J. E., & Wheeler, D. W. (2006). Scale development and construct clarification of servant leadership. Group and Organization Management, 31(3), 300–326. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601106287091
Bismil One Chanko, & Adi Rahmat. (2022). Altruistic Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Role of Leader-Member Exchange. Sains Organisasi, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55356/so.v1i1.6
Breevaart, K., Bakker, A., Hetland, J., Demerouti, E., Olsen, O. K., & Espevik, R. (2014). Daily transactional and transformational leadership and daily employee engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(1), 138–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12041
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
Cooper, D. R. and P. S. S. (2003). (2003). Business Research Methods, International Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An Interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
Demmy, T. L., Kivlahan, C., Stone, T. T., Teague, L., & Sapienza, P. (2002). Physicians’ perceptions of institutional and leadership factors influencing their job satisfaction at one academic medical center. Academic Medicine, 77(12 I), 1235–1240. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200212000-00020
Dingot Hamonangan Sitanggang. (2020). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap kepercayaan karyawan PT.XYZ. 9(1), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v9i2.383
Ferdinand. (2014). Metode Penelitian Manajemen. BP Universitas Diponegoro.
Fisher, C. D. (2010). Happiness at Work. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(4), 384–412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00270.x
Ghozali, imam. (2008). Structural Equation Modelling, Edisi II. Universitas Diponegoro.
Ghozali, I. (2014). Structural Equation Modeling, Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) (4th ed.). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Gracia et all. (2019). Happiness at work. Papeles Del Psicologo, 37(2), 143–151. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429294426-15
Guest, D. E. (2017). Human resource management and employee well-being: towards a new analytic framework. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(1), 22–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12139
Hakanen, J. J., Schaufeli, W. B., & Ahola, K. (2008). The job demands-resources model: A three-year cross-lagged study of burnout, depression, commitment, and work engagement. Work and Stress, 22(3), 224–241.https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370802379432
Hamzah, I. S., Aisyah, S., Zin, M., Jamal, M. B., Sarifin, M. R., Kamarudin, L. A., Pendidikan, P., Tunggal, I., & Emas, W. (2022). Peranan Aktiviti Sukarela dalam Memupuk Kemahiran Insaniah Mahasiswa The Role of Voluntary Activitiy in Nurturing Student ’ s Soft Skills. 67–80.
Hariawan, A. (2021). Analisis Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Praktek Manajemen Sdm Terhadap Kepercayaan Pada Organisasi Dan Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Universitas Amikom Purwokerto. Probisnis (e-Journal), 14(2), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.35671/probisnis.v14i2.1258
Hassan, A., & Ahmed, F. (2011). Authentic leadership, trust and work engagement. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 80(March 2012), 750–756.
Hendriks, M., Burger, M., Rijsenbilt, A., Pleeging, E., & Commandeur, H. (2020). Virtuous leadership: a source of employee well-being and trust. Management Research Review, 43(8), 951–970. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-07-2019-0326
Januwarsono, S. (2015). Analytical of Factors Determinants of Happiness at Work Case Study on PT. PLN (Persero) Region Suluttenggo, Sulawesi, Indonesia. European Journal of Business and Management , 7(8), 9–17.
Joseph, E. E., & Winston, B. E. (2005). A correlation of servant leadership, leader trust, and organizational trust. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(1), 6–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730510575552
Judge, R. dan. (2011). Perilaku Organisasi.
Juniartha, I., Wardana, I., & Putra, M. (2017). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Melalui Mediasi Kepercayaan Kepada Atasan Dan Kepuasan Kerja (Studi Pada Pegawai Tetap Balai Diklat Industri Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia). Buletin Studi Ekonomi, 21(2), 181–196.
Kanungo, R. N. dan M. M. (1996). Ethical Dimensions of Leadership (Thousand O). Sage Publications.
Kashyap, V., & Rangnekar, S. (2016). Servant leadership, employer brand perception, trust in leaders and turnover intentions: a sequential mediation model. Review of Managerial Science, 10(3), 437–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-014-0152-6
Mallén, F., Chiva, R., Alegre, J., & Guinot, J. (2015). Are altruistic leaders worthy? The role of organizational learning capability. International Journal of Manpower, 36(3), 271–295. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-09-2013-0212
McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect- and Cognition-Based Trust as Foundations for Interpersonal Cooperation in Organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 24–59. https://doi.org/10.5465/256727
Mighfar, S. (2015). Social exchange theory : Telaah Konsep George C. Homans Tentang Teori Pertukaran Sosial. LISAN AL-HAL: Jurnal Pengembangan Pemikiran Dan Kebudayaan, 9(2), 259–282. https://doi.org/10.35316/lisanalhal.v9i2.98
N Purnama. (2006). Manajemen Kualitas Perspektif Global. Ekonisia.
Perdana, I., & Surya, I. (2017). Pengaruh Servant Leadership Dan Trust in Leadership Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 6(6), 254823.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539–569. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452
Poon, J. M. l. (2006). Trust-in-supervisor and helping coworkers: Moderating effect of perceived politics. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(6), 518–532. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610684373
Qiu, S., Alizadeh, A., Dooley, L. M., & Zhang, R. (2019). The effects of authentic leadership on trust in leaders, organizational citizenship behavior, and service quality in the Chinese hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 40(June), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.06.004
Salas-Vallina, A., & Alegre, J. (2018). Unselfish leaders? Understanding the role of altruistic leadership and organizational learning on happiness at work (HAW). Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 39(5), 633–649. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-11-2017-0345
Salas-Vallina, A., Ferrer-Franco, A., & Fernández Guerrero, R. (2018). Altruistic leadership and affiliative humor’s role on service innovation: Lessons from Spanish public hospitals. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 33(3), e861–e872. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2549
Sekaran, uma. (2011). esearch Methods For Business (Metode Penelitian Untuk Bisnis).
Sosik, J. J., Jung, D., & Dinger, S. L. (2009). Values in authentic action: Examining the roots and rewards of altruistic leadership. Group and Organization Management, 34(4), 395–431. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601108329212
Sugiyono. (2014). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Vallina, A. S., Alegre, J. V., & Fernandez, R. (2017). On the road to happiness at work (HAW): transformational leadership, organizational learning capability and happiness at work. Personnel Review, 46(2), 314–338.
Yap, & Ng, X. H. (2018). (2018). How does altruistic leader behavior foster radical innovation? The mediating effect of organizational learning capability Downloaded. The Eletronic Library, 34(1), 1–5.
Yulk, G. (2013). Leadership in Organizations (8th editio). Global ed.
Zahra, N. (2015). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap komitmen organisasi melalui aspek kepuasan kerja karyawan dan kepercayaan pada sektor perbankan. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Pemasaran Jasa, 8(1), 145–162.