INTENSI BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA DI KOTA PEKANBARU
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Published:
Nov 13, 2019
Keywords:
entrepreneur entrepreneurial intentions
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Abstract
Meskipun niat Wirausaha telah banyak diteliti di Barat, pertanyaan tentang penerapannya dalam pengaturan lokal masih ada. Niat generasi muda tentang kewirausahaan di Pekanbaru masih belum jelas. Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk menilai niat kewirausahaan di antara mahasiswa sarjana Pekanbaru. Menggunakan data dari 96 responden dengan random purposive sampling, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa niat wirausaha di kalangan mahasiswa Pekanbaru secara signifikan berasal dari faktor internal (motivasi, perilaku, orientasi kerja, kreativitas dan inovasi) dan faktor eksternal (keluarga dan masyarakat, akademik, dan teknologi. Hasil menunjukkan variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menjelaskan 66,9% dari niat kewirausahaan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa lembaga pendidikan tinggi harus mengembangkan perubahan kurikulum akademik dengan fokus pada implikasi praktis dengan mengintegrasikan perubahan pola pikir, keterampilan, dan kemampuan tentang kewirausahaan dalam akademik umum untuk menumbuhkan niat kewirausahaan sarjana di Pekanbaru
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References
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Sinha, T. N., (1996). Human factors in entrepreneurship effectiveness. Journal of Entrepreneurship 5(1): 23-29.
Suryana. (2014). Kewirausahaan. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Tjahjono, H.K. & Ardi, H. (2008). Kajian Niat Mahasiswa Manajemen Universitas Muham- madiyah Yogyakarta untuk Menjadi Wirausaha. Utilitas Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, 16(1): 46-63.
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Wibowo. (2011). Manajemen Kinerja. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Wu, S. & Wu, L. (2008). The Impact of Higher Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students in China. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(4): 752–774.
Yohnson. (2003). Peranan Universitas dalam Memotivasi Sarjana Menjadi Young Entrepreneurs. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 5(2): 97-111.
Yuriski, Handres. (2009). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Persepsi dan Minat Mahasiswa Untuk Berwirausaha: Studi Mahasiswa Universitas Andalas. Universitas Andalas.
Zimmerer, W.T. (2002). Essentials of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management. Third Edition. New York: Prentice-Hall.
Azwar, Saifuddin. (2010). Reliabilitas dan Validitas. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Berglund, K., & Johansson, A. W. (2007). The entrepreneurship discourse: Outlined from diverse constructions of entrepreneurship on the academic scene. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 1(1), 77-102.
Boulton, C. and Turner, P. (2005). Mastering Business in Asia: Entrepreneurship. Singapore: John Wiley and Sons.
Carr, J.C. and Sequeira, J.M. (2007). Prior Family Business Exposure as Intergenerational Influence and Entrepreneurial Intent: A Theory of Planned Behavior Approach. Journal of Business Research, 60: 1090-1098.
Choo, S., dan M. Wong. (2006). Entrepreneurial intention: triggers and barriers to new venture creations in Singapore. Singapore Management Review 28 (2): 47-64.
Elfving, J., Brännback, M., & Carsrud, A. (2009). Toward a contextual model of entrepreneurial intentions Understanding the entrepreneurial mind (pp. 23-33): Springer.
Galloway. L, Kelly.S. & Keogh. W. 2006. Identifying Entrepreneurial Potential in Students. Working Paper No. 006, National Council for Graduate Entrepreneurship.
Gerry. C, Susana. C. & Nogueira. F. (2008). Tracking Student Entrepreneurial Potential: Personal Attributes and the Propensity for Business Start-Ups after Graduation in a Portuguese University. International Research Journal Problems and Perspectives in Management, 6(4): 45-53.
Giles, M., dan A, Rea. (1970) Career self- efficacy: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Occupa- tional & Organizational Psychology 73 (3): 393-399.
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). 2018. Global Report 2018/2019. Babson College: USA
Gurbuz, G., & Aykol, S. (2008). Entrepreneurial intentions of young educated public in Turkey. Journal of Global Strategic Management, 4(1), 47-56.
Indarti, N. (2004). Factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions among Indonesian students. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 19 (1): 57-70.
Johnston, K.A, Andersen, B.K., Davidge-Pitts, J. & Ostensen-Saunders, M. (2010). Identifying ICT Entrepreneurship Potential in Students. Paper was presented at the Proceedings of Informing Science & IT Education Conference (InSITE), Italy, 21-24 Juni.
Kautonen, T., Luoto, S. and Tornikoski, E.T. (2010). Influence of Work History on Entrepreneurial Intentions in ‘Prime Age’ and ‘Third Age’: A Preliminary Study. International Small Business Journal, 28(6):583-601.
Kautonen, T., Tornikoski, E.T. and Kibler, E. (2009). Entrepreneurial Intentions in the Third Age: The Impact of Perceived Age Norms, Small Business Economics. published online 18 October 2009, DOI: 10.1007/s11187-009-9238-y.
Kobia, M. and Sikalieh, D. (2010), Towards a Search for The Meaning of Entrepreneurship. Journal of European Industrial Training. 34(2): 110-127.
Koe, W.L., Sa’ari, J.R., Majid, I.A., Ismail, K. (2012). Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention among Millennial Generation, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 40, pp. 197-208.
Kristiansen, S. (2001). Promoting African pioneers in business: what makes a context conducive to small-scale entrepreneurship? Journal of Entrepreneurship 10 (1): 43-69.
Kristiansen, S. (2002a). Individual perception of business contexts: the case of small scale entrepreneurs in Tanzania. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 7 (3).
Kristiansen, S. (2002b). Competition and knowledge in Javanese rural business’. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 23 (1): 52-70.
Kristiansen, S., B. Furuholt, dan F. Wahid. (2003). Internet cafe entrepreneurs: pioneers in information dissemination in Indonesia. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 4 (4): 251-263.
Krueger, N. F. dan A. L. Carsrud. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: applying the theory of planned behavior. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 5 (4): 315-330.
Krueger, N., Reilly, M. and Carsrud, A. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(2), 411-32.
Lee, S.H. & Wong, P.K. (2004). An Exploratory Study of Technopreneurial Intentions: A Career Anchor Perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(1): 7-28.
McClelland, D. (1971). The Achievement Motive in Economic Growth, in: P. Kilby (ed.) Entrepreneurship and Economic Development. New York The Free Press, 109-123.
Mellor, R., Coulton, G., Chick, A. Bifulco, A., Mellor, N. and Fisher, A. (2009), Entrepreneurship for Everyone. London: SAGE Publications.
Moriano, J.A., Gorgievski, M., Laguna, M., Stephan, U. and Zarafshani, K. (2011), A Cross-cultural Approach to Understanding Entrepreneurial Intention, Journal of Career Development, published online 6 January 2011, DOI: 10.1177/089484845310384481.
Nishanta, B. (2008). Influence of Personality Traits and Socio-demographic Background of Undergraduate Students on Motivation for Entrepreneurial Career: The Case of Srilanka. Paper was presented at the Euro-Asia Management Studies Association (EAMSA) Conference, Japan.
Priyanto S.H. (2008). Di dalam Jiwa ada Jiwa: The Backbone and the Social Construction of Entrepreneurships. Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana.
Rasheed, H.S. (2000). Developing Entrepreneurial Potential in Youth: The Effects of Entrepreneurial Education and Venture Creation. International Journal of Entrepreneurship Educations
Schwarz, E.J., Wdowiak, M.A., Almer-Jarz, D.A. and Breitenecker, R.J. (2009), The Effects of Attitudes and Perceived Environment Conditions on Students’ Entrepreneurial Intent: An Austrian Perspective. Education + Training, 51(4): 272-291.
Sengupta, S. K. dan S. K. Debnath. (1994). Need for achievement and entrepreneurial success: a study of entrepreneurs in two rural industries in West Bengal. The Journal of Entrepreneurship 3 (2): 191-204.
Sinha, T. N., (1996). Human factors in entrepreneurship effectiveness. Journal of Entrepreneurship 5(1): 23-29.
Suryana. (2014). Kewirausahaan. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Tjahjono, H.K. & Ardi, H. (2008). Kajian Niat Mahasiswa Manajemen Universitas Muham- madiyah Yogyakarta untuk Menjadi Wirausaha. Utilitas Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, 16(1): 46-63.
van Gelderen, M., Brand, M., van Praag, M., Bodewes, W., Poutsma, E. and van Gils, A. (2008). Explaining Entrepreneurial Intentions by Means of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Career Development International, 13(6): 538-559.
Walgito, Bimo. (2004). Pengantar Psikologi Umum. Yogyakarta: ANDI OFFSET.
Wibowo. (2011). Manajemen Kinerja. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Wu, S. & Wu, L. (2008). The Impact of Higher Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students in China. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(4): 752–774.
Yohnson. (2003). Peranan Universitas dalam Memotivasi Sarjana Menjadi Young Entrepreneurs. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 5(2): 97-111.
Yuriski, Handres. (2009). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Persepsi dan Minat Mahasiswa Untuk Berwirausaha: Studi Mahasiswa Universitas Andalas. Universitas Andalas.
Zimmerer, W.T. (2002). Essentials of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management. Third Edition. New York: Prentice-Hall.